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    Flexible perovskite solar cells: a revolutionary approach for wearable electronics and sensors
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Aftab, Sikandar; Koyyada, Ganesh; Ali, Zeeshan; Assiri, Mohammed A.; Kim, Jae Hong; Rubab, Najaf; Akman, Erdi
    Flexible perovskite solar cells (F-PSCs) and flexible perovskite modules (F-PSMs) are explored in detail in this extensive review article, with a particular emphasis on their revolutionary potential to transform solar energy solutions for wearable electronics and sensors. As an alternative to traditional solar technologies, F-PSCs offer unmatched promise thanks to their attributes, which include high efficiency, flexibility, stability, and durability. This comprehensive review assesses the scalability and manufacturability of F-PSCs by delving into their structural complexities, operational principles, and recent advances in materials and fabrication techniques. The operational principles and structural details of F-PSCs are explained, along with updates on materials and fabrication technology developments. This paper examines the emerging uses of F-PSCs in wearable electronics and sensors, highlighting their advantages over conventional silicon-based solar cells and their lightweight design that allows for compatibility with flexible substrates. The difficulties and potential paths for improving the stability and efficiency of F-PSCs are also discussed, highlighting the critical role that these devices play in the development of wearable electronics and renewable energy technologies. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
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    From lab to market: strategies for stabilizing and scaling perovskite solar cells via printing technologies
    (John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2025) Li, Xin; Aftab, Sikandar; Yewale, Manesh Ashok; Hegazy, Hosameldin Helmy; Akman, Erdi; Rubab, Najaf; Kus, Mahmut
    Demonstrating significant achievements in efficiency, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have acquired unique positions in photovoltaics, offering alternatives to conventional commercial silicon solar cells. While there has been significant progress in enhancing photovoltaic performance, obvious stability problems remain a primary challenge that continues to hinder the commercial viability of PSCs. This present review first comprehensively discusses the main challenges to the commercialization of PSCs, including stability problems, ion migration, toxicity, and complexities in large-scale fabrication. It then effectively presents universal strategies to overcome the mentioned problems. Moreover, this review article examines various printing techniques that can be used to improve PSCs, emphasizing their benefits like low-cost components and procedures. Several printing processes are covered in the discussion, such as slot-die coating, spray coating, inkjet printing, doctor-blade coating, roll-to-roll printing, and screen printing. The potential uses of PSCs for the implementation of greenhouses, building-integrated photovoltaic systems, and indoor light energy harvesting. These uses highlight the adaptability of PSCs and demonstrate their ability to transform energy production technologies. Additionally, this review highlights the special qualities of perovskite materials that present chances to surpass silicon solar cells' efficiency restrictions and get close to the Shockley-Queisser limit. In conclusion, the current review provides a brief overview of recent developments, existing challenges, and opportunities of PSCs. It provides a thorough understanding of the merits of highly efficient PSCs fabricated by adopting printing methods to tackle stability problems along with facile fabrication of PSCs using simplified and cost-effective strategies. © 2025 The Author(s). Energy & Environmental Materials published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Zhengzhou University.
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    Perovskite quantum dots: Fabrication, degradation, and enhanced performance across solar cells, optoelectronics, and quantum technologies
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Aftab, Sikandar; Ali, Zeeshan; Hussain, M. Imtiaz; Assiri, Mohammed A.; Rubab, Najaf; Akman, Erdi
    Metal halide perovskites exhibit excellent absorption properties, high carrier mobility, and remarkable charge transfer ability, showcasing significant potential as light harvesters in new-generation photovoltaic and optoelectronic technologies. Their development has seen unprecedented growth since their discovery. Similar to metal halide perovskite developments, perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have demonstrated significant versatility in terms of shape, dimension, bandgap, and optical properties, making them suitable for the development of optoelectronic devices. This review discusses various fabrication methods of PQDs, delves into their degradation mechanisms, and explores strategies for enhancing their performance with their applications in a variety of technological fields. Their elevated surface-to-volume ratio highlights their importance in increasing solar cell efficiency. PQDs are also essential for increasing the performance of perovskite solar cells, photodetectors, and light-emitting diodes, which makes them indispensable for solid-state lighting applications. PQDs' unique optoelectronic characteristics make them suitable for sophisticated sensing applications, giving them greater capabilities in this field. Furthermore, PQDs' resistive switching behavior makes them a good fit for applications in memory devices. PQDs' vast potential also encompasses the fields of quantum optics and communication, especially for uses like nanolasers and polarized light detectors. Even though stability and environmental concerns remain major obstacles, research efforts are being made to actively address these issues, enabling PQDs to obtain their full potential in device applications. Simply put, understanding PQDs' real potential lies in overcoming obstacles and utilizing their inherent qualities.