Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü Makale Koleksiyonu

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Effects of ıntermittent versus continuous small-sided games on athletic performance in male youth soccer players: a pilot study
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Pancar, Zarife; Akay, Mehmet Kaan; İlhan, Muhammet Taha; Karaday, Emre; Karaca, Burak; Ulema, Mustafa Sencer; Taşdoğan, Ali Muhittin; Makaracı, Yücel; González-Fernández, Francisco Tomás
Adjusting the design of small-sided games and selecting the appropriate format can significantly enhance training outcomes and player development in soccer. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of intermittent small-sided games (ISSG) and continuous small-sided games (CSSG) on athletic performance metrics in male soccer players. This pilot study was conducted using a parallel group pre-test and post-test design, with 16 male youth soccer players randomly assigned to two groups: the ISSG group (n = 8, Mean age = 16.50 ± 0.53 years) and the CSSG group (n = 8, Mean age = 16.63 ± 0.52 years), ensuring a balance in pre-test performance and playing positions. The ISSG protocol began with 4 min sets in week one, progressively increasing to 7 min by week four, with 2 min rest intervals. The CSSG protocol involved continuous play, starting at 16 min and progressing to 28 min over the same period. Players underwent pre- and post-tests, with a 4-week training period. Performance metrics assessed included body composition, a 30 m sprint test, agility, horizontal jump, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, and static balance. Training intensity was monitored using the CR-10 Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion scale throughout the training period. Both groups exhibited improvements in horizontal jump, agility, aerobic and anaerobic power, and static balance, with no significant between-group differences. Sprint performance did not significantly improve in either group. The CSSG group reported higher RPE values and experienced a reduction in body mass index. Our findings demonstrate that both ISSG and CSSG resulted in similar improvements in athletic performance metrics in male youth soccer players. Coaches and practitioners can choose the most appropriate training method based on specific objectives, session duration, and player fatigue levels, thereby optimizing training outcomes. © 2025 by the authors.
The Psychophysiologic Stress and Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase Awakening Responses to Cross-Country Running Competitions in National-Level Female Athletes
(Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics Pub., c1993-, 2025) Aydemir, Mustafa; Makaracı, Yücel; Avcı, Bahattin; Ürkmez, Yeşim Civil; Cintineo, Harry P
Aydemir, M, Makaracı, Y, Avcı, B, Ürkmez, YC, and Cintineo, HP. The psychophysiologic stress and salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase awakening responses to cross-country running competitions in national-level female athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-Cross-country running, characterized by diverse terrains and environmental conditions, primarily emphasizes individual performance, though team-oriented strategies are also used. This study aimed to examine psychophysiologic stress, anxiety, and race performance of elite female athletes during national cross-country running competitions. Twelve elite-level female cross-country runners were recruited to undergo psychophysiologic state using salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase levels (pre- and postrace) across 2 consecutive rounds of varying difficulty and significance (round 1 and final round). In addition, cortisol and alpha-amylase awakening responses (CAR and AAAR), and state anxiety (State and Trait Anxiety Inventory-I) were assessed on both precompetition and competition days during each round. The findings revealed significant increases in precompetition day AAAR, pre- and postrace cortisol, and postrace alpha-amylase levels in the final round compared with those in round 1 (p < 0.05). Mean race time was also faster in the final round than in round 1 (p < 0.05). Pre- and postrace cortisol levels were correlated with race time in round 1 (r = 0.554; r = 0.594), but not in the final round (p > 0.05). Increased cortisol emerged as a potential indicator of race difficulty and predictors of success in cross-country running. Coaches and athletes may benefit from monitoring cortisol levels to optimize performance during competitions with fluctuating conditions. Further research using saliva analysis as a noninvasive tool for assessing psychophysiologic parameters surrounding competition is warranted in larger samples across various endurance sports, though the data presented here provide a unique view of these responses.
The predictive effect of basic military training and general health status on sleep quality
(Via Medica, 2023) Güler, Melek; Öztürk, Emsal; Yanar, Nazlı
Background: Military universities and academies affiliated with the law enforcement provide education for students who are physically and psychologically suitable for this field, unlike other university educations. This education can affect general health because it requires discipline and special effort both practically and theoretically. In this context, the aim of our study is to examine the general health status of military students in terms of some variables. Materials and methods: One hundred twenty-two male students studying at the Gendarmerie and Coast Guard Academy participated in the study. The general health status of the participants was determined by the SF-12 Brief Health Questionnaire, and their sleep quality was determined by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). In the analysis of the data, Spearmans' rho correlation, binomial logistic regression and scatter diagram analysis were used for independent groups. All analyses were performed in the Jamovi 2.3.21.0 analysis programme according to 95% confidence interval and 0.05 significance level. Results: Increased physical and mental health scores of the participants, not smoking, and having a good diet were found to increase the likelihood of improving sleep quality. It was concluded that initial active duty for training, alcohol use, and being in a school team did not predict the likelihood of improving sleep quality. Conclusions: As a result, it may be recommended that military students should have good general health, pay attention to nutrition and avoid smoking to improve low sleep quality.
The Effects Of Gymnastics Training On Flexibility And Strength in Children
(Univ Ljubljana, 2024) Özer, Ömer; Soslu, Recep; Devrilmez, Erhan; Uyhan, Osman; Devrilmez, Meltem; Doğan, İsmail
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of gymnastics training on flexibility and strength parameters of gymnasts. A total of 48 boys aged 5-7 years participated in this study voluntarily. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups (Experimental group n=24; age, height, weight and BMI 6.21 +/- 1.10 years, 114.18 +/- 19.98 cm, 22.38 +/- 4.09 kg, 15.85 +/- 1.59 kg/m(2), respectively; Control group n=24; age, height, weight and BMI (6.87 +/- 0.74 years, 114.18 +/- 19.98 Flexibility (SF) tests were applied to the experimental and control groups. The training was applied to the experimental group three days a week for 12 weeks, each time for the duration of 90 minutes. A two-way Repeated Measure ANOVA (2x2) was used to test for interactions and main effects for time (pre-test vs. post-test) and group (experimental vs. control) on the dependent physical performance variables. Results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the TSC and SR values of the experimental group from pre to post-tests (p<0.01, d=0.95, p<0.01, d=0.75, respectively). There were no significant differences in other parameters. According to post-test group difference results, experimental group participants performed better than those in the control group in terms of BAH, SUC, SLJ and SRF values training program significantly improved strength and flexibility of gymnasts aged 5-7 years.
A survey on relationship between Gendarmerie Coast Guard Academy (GCGA) students' physical activity and COVID-19 infection
(Via Medica, 2021) Güler, Melek; Yanar, Nazlı; Öztürk, Emsal
Background: The primary aim of this study was to reveal whether the Gendarmerie Coast Guard Academy (GCGA) students caught and went through the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) according to their physical activity levels during the COVID-19 pandemic process. Materials and methods: The research group of the study consisted of 332 volunteer male students studying at the GCGA. International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and personal information form were used as data collection tools in the study. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analysed in the Jamovi 1.8.2 statistical software programme with a 95% confidence interval and a 5% margin of error. In the analysis of data, non-parametric correlation test was used for pairwise comparisons and Multinomial and Binomial Logistic Regression test was used for comparisons of subcategories. Results: According to students' body mass index scores, 73.49% of the students were of normal weight. The results of the analysis, showed that 29.82% of the GCGA students had COVID-19, and 70.18% of them did not have COVID-19. It was determined that 91.92% of those who had COVID-19 had mild illness and recovered at home. According to the metabolic equivalence classification of students, a negative and significant relationship between students' physical activity levels (inactive < minimally active < very active) and the risk of getting the positive results for COVID-19 (yes < no) and the severity of COVID-19 (in intensive care < in the hospital < mildly at home) was found. Conclusions: It could be said that increasing the physical activity level of students can reduce the possibility of having COVID-19 and also increase the probability of mild illness not requiring hospitalisation in those with positive COVID-19 test result.
The effect of endurance training on cardiac and muscle damage in male football players
(Mre Press, 2024) Gündüz, Kerem; Nas, Kazım; Arıcı, Hasan; Pamuk, Ömer
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a six-week endurance training program on heart and muscle damage in football players. Twenty male football players from the same team voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 10; mean age 22 +/- 2.21 years) and the control group (n =10; mean age 22.3 +/- 1.76 years). On the first day of the study, 3 mL of venous blood samples were collected into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tubes by a specialist to measure N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide for cardiac damage and Creatine Kinase (CK) for muscle damage. On the second day of the study, the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level-1 (YIRT1) was conducted to assess the players' maximum oxygen consumption (VO(2)max) and maximum aerobic speed (MAS) values. After six weeks of endurance training, the procedures above were repeated. A statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test data of CK, NT-ProBNP and VO(2)max in the experimental group (p <0.01) was observed. No statistically significant difference was observed between the pre and post-test data in the control group (p> 0.05). Additionally, based on the analysis of variance repeated measured analysis, a statistically significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups regarding the time and time x group variables for NT-ProBNP and VO(2)max parameters (p < 0.01). However, no statistically significant difference was observed for CK levels (p> 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed in CK levels in terms of the group variable (p < 0.01), while no statistically significant difference was observed in NTProBNP and VO(2)max levels (p> 0.05). Ultimately, our study revealed that endurance training positively affects heart and muscle damage.
Development and validation of nutrition knowledge test for high school students using a novel study design: A Rasch analysis
(Asoc Espanola Dietistas Nutricionistas, 2022) Makaracı, Yücel; Devrilmez, Erhan
Introduction: The creation of a high-quality, valid, and reliable knowledge test for high school students will contribute to establishing dietary programs more conscious, for individuals and society. The aim of the study is to develop a valid and reliable nutrition knowledge test for high school students. Methodology: Data were collected from 346 high school students age from 14 to 18 years. Rasch modelling was used for validating the test. The expert group followed a five-step test developing process and developed 22 multiple-choice items. Results: Findings indicated that 20 of 22 test items showed high internal consistency and reliability for both test items and person participating in this study. The Wright map indicated a well distributed item difficulties and relatively good person abilities. Conclusions: It is thought that the study findings obtained through the Rasch modelling and the knowledge test created will be a guiding tool in respect of multidimensionality, validity, and reliability for the concept, such as nutrition which is crucial in human life.
Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of a Smartphone App for Measuring Rising Time, Velocity, Power, and Inter-Limb Asymmetry During Single-Leg Sit-to-Stand Test in Female-Trained Athletes
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Makaracı, Yücel; Nas, Kazım; Gündüz, Kerem; Uysal, Abdullah; Orange, Samuel T.; Ruiz-Cardenas, Juan D.
The aim was to determine the validity and test - retest reliability of the Sit to Stand App variables (rising time, vertical velocity, and power) for measuring single-leg sit-to-stand (STS) test compared to those derived from ground reaction force data. Twenty-seven female athletes performed the single-leg STS test over three consecutive sessions simultaneously recorded with a force plate and the smartphone app. Validity was assessed with Pearson's correlation coefficient, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and percentage error. Reliability was assessed with the ICC. Almost perfect correlations (r >= 0.95) and excellent agreement (ICC = 0.96-0.97) between the app and force plate measures with low percentage errors (<= 7.3%) were found. The app showed good-to-excellent reliability (ICC = 0.88-0.92) with no differences in inter-limb asymmetry over three sessions. The app was highly valid and reliable for measuring single-leg STS performance. Practitioners can use this app to assess lower-limb performance in female athletes.
Sporcu ve sedanter bireylerde wingate anaerobik güç testi performansının beş saniyelik segmentler ekseninde incelenmesi
(2023) Makaracı, Yücel
Bu çalışmanın ana amacı; sporcu ve sedanter bireylerde Wingate anaerobik güç testi (WAnT) performansının beş saniyelik segmentler ekseninde incelenmesidir. Çalışmanın ikincil amacı ise fiziksel özellikler ile WAnT performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmaya iyi antrene durumdaki 13 erkek sporcu (Ort. yaş: 23,31 ± 2,06 yıl) ve 13 sağlıklı sedanter (Ort. yaş: 22,84 ± 1,99 yıl) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Öncelikle katılımcıların demografik ve antropometrik ölçüm aşaması tamamlanmıştır. Daha sonra katılımcılar, tek seanslık laboratuvar ölçümünde bir bisiklet ergometresi (Monark Wingate Ergometer model 834E) aracılığıyla 30 saniyelik WAnT (WAnT-30) protokolünü tamamlamıştır. Test yükü, vücut ağırlığının %7,5’i olarak belirlenmiştir. Test sonucunda ergometre yazılımından elde edilen WAnT-30 zirve güç (ZG) ve toplam altı segmentten oluşan beş saniyelik ortalama güç (OG) çıktıları kaydedilmiştir. Sporcular, WAnT-30 ZG ve tüm beş saniyelik segmentlere ait OG çıktılarında sedanterlere göre daha yüksek değerlere sahipti (p<0,001). Sporcularda WAnT-30 ZG değeri ile tüm beş saniyelik OG çıktıları arasında pozitif ilişki olduğu belirlenirken (p<0,05; r = 0,594- 0,970), sedanterlerde ise bu ilişki 3. segmentten sonra kaybolmuştur. Basit doğrusal regresyon sonuçlarına göre sporcularda boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlığı, WAnT-30 performansının en iyi belirteçleri olarak tespit edilmiştir (R2 = 0,362- 0,689 ve R2 = 0,457- 0,590 sırasıyla). Sonuç olarak, sporcuların WAnT-30’a ait tüm segmentlerde sedanter bireylere göre daha yüksek güç çıktısına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca sporcularda tam eforlu bir anaerobik performansın fiziksel özelliklerden etkilenebileceği görülmüştür. Sonraki çalışmalarda spesifik spor dallarından katılımcılarda farklı segment aralıkları kullanılarak anaerobik performansın gelişmiş bir değerlendirmesi yapılabilir.
Comparison of The Static Balance, Strength and Flexibility Characteristics of the University Students Who Taken Artistic Gymnastic Lesson
(2019) Özer, Ömer; Soslu, Recep
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of a training program specific to Artistic Gymnastics branch on the performanceof university students. 72 university student studying in the School of Physical Education and Sports were participated in thestudy voluntarily as a control and experiment group. The experimental group was given artistic gymnastics training programfor 12 weeks, 2 days a week and 60 minutes. For the data obtained, the homogeneity of the normality variance was tested andthen the mixed ANOVA analysis was used to determine the difference in the pretest and posttest. When the flamingo balancevalues were examined, a significant difference was found between the groups (F(1, 71)=4.93, ?2 =.07, p<.05). A difference inpost-test flexibility scores and pre-test scores (F(1, 71)=7.81,?2 =.10, p<.05), a significant difference was found between theposttest scores and the pretest scores in strength values (F(1.34, 95.46) =40.69,?2= .36, p<.05). As a result, it is thought that theextra training done in gymnastics lesson increases the success of the lesson and it is thought that this type of training willincrease the success level in all applied lessons, not only for the gymnastics class.
Mediolateral postural sway velocity as a possible indicator of ground reaction force-derived 180° turn performance in male soccer players: A cross-sectional study
(Pamukkale University, 2024) Makaracı, Yücel; Nas, Kazım; Aydemir, Mustafa; Gündüz, Kerem; Gedik, Mehmet Can
The main aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between ground reaction force (GRF) derived postural sway and 180° turn performance in soccer players on the axis of dominant and non-dominant legs. Twenty-seven male soccer players (mean age 22.45 ± 2.7 years) from the same league level agreed to participate in the study. The participants underwent GRF-derived postural sway and 180° turn tests using a force plate in separate sessions, with at least 24-hour intervals between sessions. Postural sway was assessed in anteroposterior and mediolateral directions during a single-leg stance, while the 180° turn performance was evaluated through GRF-derived turn time and turn sway. The correlation, multiple regression, and group differences were computed to test study hypotheses. Positive correlations were observed between postural sway measures and 180° turn time for dominant and non-dominant legs (r-range from 0.384 to 0.550). No measure of postural sway was significantly related to the 180° turn sway (p> 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that mediolateral sway velocity explained 30% and 17% of the variance of 180° turn time for dominant and non-dominant legs, respectively. No statistical inter-limb differences were noted for 180° turn and postural sway parameters. The results suggest that improving single-leg postural performance may enhance male soccer players' 180° turn performance. Therefore, unilateral stability in the mediolateral direction should be considered a potential indicator of change of direction-based performances. © 2024 The Author(s)
Examination of metaphorical attitudes towards physical education teacher and lesson
(2023) Avşar, Züleyha; Tunçel, Nazlı Yanar
The attitudes of secondary school students towards physical education and sports lessons and their teachers were tried to be determined through metaphors in this study. In the study, in which the mixed research method was used, the convergent parallel design was adopted. In the research, “physical education teacher evaluation scale based on student opinions”, “physical education attitude scale for secondary education students” and the metaphor sentence created by the researchers were used as data collection tools. The study group consisted of 185 secondary school students. The obtained quantitative data were analyzed in the Jamovi 2.0.0 statistical software program. Independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation test were used in pairwise comparisons. When the data obtained were examined, significant differences were determined according to the physical education teacher (PEL) attitude, gender, sports background, PEL, and teacher love. In the mean scores of physical education teacher evaluation, there were differences according to gender, PEL, and teacher love. The findings of the qualitative data were analyzed with the content analysis method, and categories and themes were created. The metaphors for physical education and sports lessons were grouped under two categories, while the metaphors for the physical education and sports teacher were grouped under three categories.
Relationship between functional movement screen scores and postural stability in football players: An asymmetrical approach
(Gdansk Univ Physical Education & Sport, 2024) Makaracı, Yücel; Nas, Kazım; Gündüz, Kerem; İleri, Mehmet
Introduction: Unilateral preference is dominant due to the intensive use of sport-specific movements in football. However, little is known about the possible correlation between unilateral functional movement and the center of pressure-based postural performance. The main aim of this study is to examine the correlation between functional movement screen (FMS) and postural stability in football players from an asymmetrical perspective. Materials and Methods: Fifty professional football players (male n = 25; age 21.40 +/- 1.94 years; female n = 25; age 21.04 +/- 1.24 years) volunteered for this study. All subjects completed a FMS test consisting of seven items and postural sway measures for dominant and non-dominant sides. Spearman's correlation and the Mann-Whitney U-test were used for statistical processing. Results: A negative correlation was found between dominant and non-dominant sides FMS in scores and postural sway parameters in both male and female groups (p < .05). Hurdle step (HS) and rotary stability (RS) proved to be strong predictors of postural stability for both groups (p < .001). No significant differences were observed between dominant and nondominant sides in FMS items and postural sway parameters in both groups (p > .05). Conclusions: The correlation of the FMS and postural sway measures may be useful to identify possible postural problems in football players. Therefore, the FMS test may be preferred by practitioners and physiotherapists.
Antrenör adaylarının özelleşmiş alan bilgisi düzeylerinin incelenmesi: Nedensel karşılaştırma çalışması
(2023) Tabak, Ekrem Yasin; Uyhan, Osman; Devrilmez, Meltem; Bilgiç, Mert; Soslu, Recep
Amaç: Alan bilgisi, bir öğreticinin sahip olması beklenen ve öğretebilmek için ihtiyaç duyduğu bilgi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Beden eğitimi öğretmeni eğitimi ve antrenörlük eğitiminin birbirine öğretimsel açıdan yakın olduğu düşünüldüğünde antrenörlük bölümü öğrencilerinin antrenörlük eğitimi programından mezun olmadan önce yeterli alan bilgisi düzeyine sahip olmalar ı beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, uzmanlık dalı antrenörlük uygulaması dersini yeni tamamlamış antrenör adaylarının özelleşmiş alan bilgisi (ÖAB) düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmada, tek gruplu ön-test son-test zayıf deneysel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya antrenör eğitimi bölümünde öğrenim gören 42 erkek ve 9 kadın olmak üzere, toplamda 51 antrenör adayı katılmıştır. Katılımcıların ÖAB düzeylerini ölçmek için içerik haritaları kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistik ve parametrik olmayan testlerden Wilcoxon testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Antrenör adaylarının ÖAB düzeyleri ders öncesi skoru 0,82 [standart sapma (SS)=0,94] ve ders sonrası 1,84 (SS=2,13) ortalamaya sahiptirler. Bu değerler beklenen değerin (3.0 ve üzeri) altında olduğunu göstermektedir. Spor branşları açısından incelendiğinde, katılımcıların jimnastik değerleri yeterli ÖAB’ye sahipken; futbol, basketbol, hentbol, voleybol, atletizm, badminton ve güre ş ön-test ve son-test değerlerinin beklenen değerin al- tında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Wilcoxon hesaplamalarına göre badminton branşı katılımcılarının son-test değerleri ön-test değerlerine göre anlamlı düzeyde yükselirken, diğer branşlarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık belirlenmemiştir. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, uzmanlık dalı antrenörlük uygulaması dersini tamamlayan antrenör adaylarının (jimnastik antrenör adayları hariç) yeterli ÖAB düzeylerine sahip olmadıkları belirlenmiştir.
Comparison of resting and fatigue visual-motor reaction time of turkey men's deaf national basketball players
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd., 2023) Tatlıcı, Ali; Özer, Ömer
[No Abstract Avilable]
The predictive effect of basic military training and general health status on sleep quality
(Via Medica, 2023) Güler, Melek; Öztürk, Emsal; Yanar, Nazlı
Background: Military universities and academies affiliated with the law enforcement provide education for students who are physically and psychologically suitable for this field, unlike other university educations. This education can affect general health because it requires discipline and special effort both practically and theoretically. In this context, the aim of our study is to examine the general health status of military students in terms of some variables. Materials and methods: One hundred twenty-two male students studying at the Gendarmerie and Coast Guard Academy participated in the study. The general health status of the participants was determined by the SF-12 Brief Health Questionnaire, and their sleep quality was determined by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). In the analysis of the data, Spearmans' rho correlation, binomial logistic regression and scatter diagram analysis were used for independent groups. All analyses were performed in the Jamovi 2.3.21.0 analysis programme according to 95% confidence interval and 0.05 significance level. Results: Increased physical and mental health scores of the participants, not smoking, and having a good diet were found to increase the likelihood of improving sleep quality. It was concluded that initial active duty for training, alcohol use, and being in a school team did not predict the likelihood of improving sleep quality. Conclusions: As a result, it may be recommended that military students should have good general health, pay attention to nutrition and avoid smoking to improve low sleep quality.
The acute effect of anaerobic peak power and capacity on antioxidant parameters in basketball players: Cross-sectional research
(Türkiye Klinikleri Yayınevi, 2022) Soslu, Recep; Özer, Ömer; Taş, Murat; Uysal, Abdullah; Gündüz, Kerem
The aim of this study is to determine the free radical formation and the acute response of the antioxidant mechanism in the neuromuscular fatigue test applied to basketball players. Mate- rial and Methods: A total of 27 professional basketball players (Age: 21.40±2.02 years, Height: 187.93±8.84 cm and Body Weight: 82.51±12.55 kg), actively playing in the Turkish Second Basketball League, constituted the study population. The Wingate anaerobic strength test was used to determine the acute neuromuscular fatigue index of the athletes. Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione, Catalase, Malondialdehyde and blood Lactate values were determined before and after the Want test. Analyzes of intergroup and in group parameters were performed with the Two-Way Repeated Measures MANOVA test. Results: It was determined that the athletes had an increase in the post-test Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione value and there was a statistically significant difference between them and the pre-test (P=0.000). There was no statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test Catalase values of the athletes (P=0.217). It was determined that the athletes had an increase in the post-test Malondi- aldehyde value and there was a statistically significant difference be- tween them and the pre-test (P=0.016). It was observed that there was a statistically significant difference of 1.91±0.815 (mmol.L) in the lac- tate pre-test value and 6.44±2.25 (mmol.L) in the post-test value of the athletes (P=0.000). Conclusion: As a result, it can be said that high anaerobic power and capacity cause an increase in antioxidant enzymes in acute neuromuscular fatigue and prevent free radical formation by forming reaction chains.
The effect of shoting techniques on accuracy rates in ınfrastructure basketball players
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, 2022) Kılınç, Fatih; Pamuk, Ömer
To examine the shoting percentages of the children training in basketball infrastructure according to the angular positions of the joint areas in the shoting techniques. 15 male basketball players training in the infrastructure voluntarily participated in the research. In our research, two groups were formed as High Shot Rate and Low Shot Rate. High Shooting Rate Group n:7 (HSR) (age 15.4±0.7 years, height 1.83±9.1 m., body weight 80.8±16.2 kg., sports age 7.2±1.8 years), Low Shooting Rate Group (LSR) n:8 (age 15.6±0.9 years, height 1.81±6.9 m., body weight 73±7.8 kg. and sports age 4±2.7 years). A total of 60 shots were fired from the foul line (20 shots), right forward (20 shots) and left forward (20 shots) in both groups. The joint angle values of the shooting start and finishing phases of both groups were compared with the Independent t test. While there is a significant difference between the Group with High Shot Rate and Low Shot Rate between Head, Elbow, Wrist and Knee in the starting phase of the shooting technique (p<0.05), the shooting technique has a significant difference between all joint regions in the finishing phase (p> 0.05) could not be found. Based on the data we have obtained, attention should be paid to basketball players' elbow and wrist angles from the upper extremity and the knee angles from the lower extremity in the shooting technique. In addition, we think that our study will bring a perspective to those who will work in this field.
Relationship between jumping performance in various tasks, sprint and agility in basketball players
(Gazi Üniversitesi, 2022) Makaracı, Yücel; Soslu, Recep
A high level of jumping ability is inherent in elite basketball, but the correlation of jumping ability in various tasks with sprint and agility performances, has not been investigated thoroughly. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation of jumping performances in various tasks with sprint and agility in basketball players of different ages. Thirty-six (senior: n=12, age 25.75±5.12 years; under 19: n=12, age 17.25±0.45 years; under 17: n=12, age 15.46±0.32 years) male basketball players volunteered to participate in the study. The jumping performance of the players was determined using squat jump, counter-movement jump, and drop jump tests using a force platform. For each test protocol, commonly used power, force, velocity, and acceleration measures were obtained from the official device software. Sprint ability was evaluated by a 20-m sprint test, while agility was measured by the T-Drill test. Pearson’s correlation and one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical processing. Jumping performance in each task correlated with sprint and agility (p<.05). Jump height (calculated from take-off velocity) and relative maximal power parameters were determined as the strong predictors of sprint and agility for each jump task (r=.642–.750). Significant differences were observed in all jump tasks, sprint and agility performances among the age groups (p<.05). The study findings indicate a negative correlation between sprint, agility, and different types of jumping performances in basketball players. Considering that explosive movements are important in basketball, especially the correlation of drop jump performance with sprint and agility seems remarkable.
Physical activity and nutrition education programs changes body mass index and eating habits of 12th grade students: An intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic
(Annals Applied Sport Science, 2023) Makaracı, Yücel; Yücetaş, Zeki; Devrilmez, Erhan; Soslu, Recep; Devrilmez, Meltem; Akpınar, Selçuk; Popovic, Stevo
Background. The importance of physical activity (PA) for maintaining and improving health status increases with each passing day. Objectives. The present study aimed to examine the effects of PA and nutritional education programs applied to 12th-grade students on body mass index (BMI), PA level, and eating habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. One hundred fifty-nine 12th grade students were randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG) (n=87, 42 male and 45 female) and control group (CG) (n=72, 39 male and 33 female). At first, physical characteristics, PA level, and eating habit questionnaires were completed by students. Then, EG received a single session face-to-face PA and healthy nutrition-themed programs. After an 8-week follow-up, questionnaires were completed by students again. Also, the number of daily steps of EG was recorded during the 8-week follow-up. Differences between pre and post-BMI, PA level, and eating habits of the groups were analyzed using the mixed model ANOVA test. Results. Results showed that educational programs had a positive effect on BMI, PA level, and eating habits of EG (p<.05). There was no improvement in CG (p>0.05). Qualitative findings of EG revealed that the educational program is a beneficial process not only for a short period but also for a lifelong learning structure. Conclusion. In conclusion, PA and healthy nutrition-themed educations are effective methods to improve youths' awareness to be more active and healthier in their daily life, including during the pandemic processes.

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