Marcus Lıcınıus Crassus (M.Ö. 112-53)’un Suriye Valiliği ve Bölgesel güçler
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Tarih
2015
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İlk Roma-Parth ilişkisi, M.Ö. I. yüzyılın başlarında Roma’nın Kilikya valisi Sulla ile Parth elçisi Orobazos’un görüşmesiyle başlamıştır. Söz konusu görüşmede Fırat Nehri, iki ülke arasında sınır olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bu sınır, karşılıklı çıkarlar doğrultusunda kararlaştırılmış olan sembolik bir sınırdı. Romalılar ile Parthlar arasındaki ilişkilerin ilk kez savaşa dönüşmesi ise L. Licinius Crassus’un Suriye valiliğine atanması sonucu gerçekleşmiştir. Bazı ufak tefek anlaşmazlıklarla devam eden barışçıl ilişkiler dönemi, Crassus’un bu başarısız girişimiyle sona ermiş, Roma-Parth ilişkilerinde yeni bir dönem başlamıştır. Crassus’un Parth seferi, M.Ö. 53 yılında Carrhai (Harran)’de aldığı yenilgi sonucu, Roma için büyük bir felaketle sonuçlanmıştır. Parth seferinin başarısızlığı ve Carrhai yenilgisi, Crassus’un askeri alandaki yetersizliği, sefer sırasındaki aceleci kararları, bölge coğrafyası konusunda bilgisinin eksik olması, Parthlar konusunda ideal ve program eksikliği gibi birçok nedene bağlanmıştır. Ancak bütün bunların yanında Crassus’un yenilgisinde bölgesel güçlerin de önemli rolü olmuştur. İşte bu çalışma, Antik kaynaklar ve modern literatür ışığında Crassus’un Suriye valiliği ve Parth seferi hakkında genel bir değerlendirmeyi içermektedir. Crassus’un Parth seferi ve özellikle Carrhai’de almış olduğu yenilgiyi hazırlayan başlıca sebepler analiz edilerek, söz konusu yenilgide bölgesel güçlerin rolüne dikkat çekilecektir.
The first Rome-Parth relationship started with the meeting of Sulla, Cilicia governor of Rome and Orobazos, the ambassador of Parth at the beginning of 1st century B.C. In the aforementioned meeting, Euphrates River was accepted as the frontier between two countries. This frontier was a symbolic frontier that was agreed upon in line with mutual interests. While the fact that the relationships between Romans and Parthians turned into war for the first time took place as a result of assignment of L. Licinium Crassus to Syrian Governorship. The period of peaceful relationships, which continued with some minor conflicts, ended with this unsuccessful attempt of Crassus and a new period started in Rome-Parth relationships. Parthian excursion of Crassus was concluded with a big calamity for Rome as a result of the defeat he had in Carrhai (Harran) in B.C.53. The failure of Parthian excursion and Carrhai defeat was attributed to many reasons such as inability of Crassus in military field, his impetuous decisions during the excursion, his lacking knowledge about the geography of the region, lack of ideal and program on Parthians. However, apart from all these, regional powers also had an important role in defeat of Crassus. Here, this study includes a general review about Syrian governorship of Crassus and his Parthian excursion in the light of ancient sources and modern literature. Analyzing the Parthian excursion of Crassus and especially the primary reasons causing the defeat in Carrhai, the role of regional powers in the aforementioned defeat will be pointed out.
The first Rome-Parth relationship started with the meeting of Sulla, Cilicia governor of Rome and Orobazos, the ambassador of Parth at the beginning of 1st century B.C. In the aforementioned meeting, Euphrates River was accepted as the frontier between two countries. This frontier was a symbolic frontier that was agreed upon in line with mutual interests. While the fact that the relationships between Romans and Parthians turned into war for the first time took place as a result of assignment of L. Licinium Crassus to Syrian Governorship. The period of peaceful relationships, which continued with some minor conflicts, ended with this unsuccessful attempt of Crassus and a new period started in Rome-Parth relationships. Parthian excursion of Crassus was concluded with a big calamity for Rome as a result of the defeat he had in Carrhai (Harran) in B.C.53. The failure of Parthian excursion and Carrhai defeat was attributed to many reasons such as inability of Crassus in military field, his impetuous decisions during the excursion, his lacking knowledge about the geography of the region, lack of ideal and program on Parthians. However, apart from all these, regional powers also had an important role in defeat of Crassus. Here, this study includes a general review about Syrian governorship of Crassus and his Parthian excursion in the light of ancient sources and modern literature. Analyzing the Parthian excursion of Crassus and especially the primary reasons causing the defeat in Carrhai, the role of regional powers in the aforementioned defeat will be pointed out.
Açıklama
WOS:000440376100005
Anahtar Kelimeler
Rome, Parth, Syrian Province, Crassus, Carrhai War, Roma, Parth, Suriye Eyaleti, Crassus, Carrhai Savaşı
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
33
Sayı
Künye
Kurt, M. (2015). Marcus Lıcınıus Crassus (m.ö. 112-53)’un Suriye Valiliği ve Bölgesel güçler. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 33, 151-170.
