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Öğe Anatomical and embryological development of the chick cerebrum in different embryonic periods(Wiley, 2025) Selçuk, Muhammet Lütfi; Kayıkçı, FatmaThe objective of this study is to assess the embryological and morphometric development of the chick cerebrum during specific incubation periods. The cerebrums of 24 Babcock White Leghorn chicks, six each from the 10th, 13th, 16th and 21st days of the incubation period, were used in the study. After removing the heads of fixed embryos from the upper edge of the atlas, the brains were taken out of the cranial cavity. Morphometric measurements were performed on the removed brains, and paraffin blocks were prepared following the routine histological procedure. Sections 5 mu m thick were taken from the blocks, with an additional 10 mu m thick section taken every 50th section. The slides were then stained using Crossmon's triple stain and Kl & uuml;ver-Barrera staining methods and photographed. The sectional images were transferred to the ImageJ programme, brain volume was calculated using stereological methods, and histological measurements were performed. The development of brain parts in selected embryonic periods was examined in detail, focusing on anatomical and histological aspects. According to the results, it was determined that all measured parameters, except the third ventricle width, increased and were statistically significant (p < 0.05). It is believed that the findings of this study will enhance the understanding of the region's anatomy. The new morphometric data can serve as reference data in neurotoxicity and embryotoxicity studies.Öğe Distinction of gray and white matter for some histological staining methods in New Zealand rabbit's brain(Radiance Research Academy, 2020) Selçuk, Muhammet Lütfi; Çolakoğlu, FatihObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the abilities of some staining methods used in histology to detect neuroglia, cell groups and moieties such as axons and dendrites in the brain, and the ability of detecting the white matter limit. Materials and Methods: Brain tissue from a 14-month-old New Zealand Rabbit was used in the study. The brain was sliced transversally to make it suitable for histological procedures. For this, the brains were placed on the millimeter paper and sliced into three equal parts. The obtained samples were cut 10?m thickness from same side and cranial to caudal and, slides were stained with six staining methods. Each of these slides was photographed as jpeg format by means of a microscope. The sectional images obtained were transferred to Image J programme to estimate their areas. The Likert scale was used to investigate the adequacy of staining methods to determine the border of gray and white matter and cell groups in the brain. As a result of these procedures, statistical results of obtained data were presented in tables and figures. Results: As a result of the Likert scale, CT was the highest score whereas MGG was the lowest average score. Considering all structures in the brain, KB, MGG, MMGG and CT stainings for neuroglia cells; KB, MGG and MMGG staining methods for axon, dendrite and Nissl bodies; furthermore for ependymal cells, pia mater and choroid plexus KB, MGG, MMGG, CT, AgNORs and HE staining methods were found to have the highest score. In the distinction of gray and white matter, KB, MG, MMGG and CT staining methods had the highest score, also. Conclusions: With this study, it is thought that it would help the researchers to determine the boundaries of the anatomical structures of interest in the brain and the selection of histological stains that should be used in the staining of the desired cell groups. © 2020, Radiance Research Academy. All rights reserved.Öğe Effect of Methimazole on Eosinophil Granulocyte Changes and Uterus Layer Thicknesses(2020) Çolakoğlu, Fatma; Selçuk, Muhammet Lütfi; Dönmez, Hasan HüseyinThe purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of methimazole used to create hypothyroidism in rats on the eosinophilic cellsand uterus layer thicknesses. Uterus samples, 15 healthy Wistar Albino female rats aged 12-14 weeks were taken from control (C, n=6)and experimental (E, n=9) groups. Intraperitoneally, methimazole was injected as 10 mg/kg/day dose in the Group E for 2 weeks. Afterhypothyroidism was created in the Group E, feeding all the rats in this study was continued with normal pellet feed again for 2 weeks tosee chronic effects on tissue. At the end of the 4th week, uterus samples were stained with Crossmon’s trichrome staining. Uterus layerthicknesses were measuring with ImageJ Analysis using images of six different uterus regions including endometrium, myometrium andperimetrium layers. The mean number of eosinophil granulocyte in the endometrium was higher in Group E when compared to Group C(P<0.05). Its distribution was concentrated in the endometrium functionalis. However, there was no difference in uterine layerthicknesses between the groups (P>0.05). We concluded that methimazole might cause hypereosinophil granulocyte accumulation inthe endometrium functionalis. This study is important for clinicians to evaluate methimazole-associated eosinophilic infiltration due tohypersensitive immune reactions to the drugs, especially used during pregnancy.Öğe Morphohistological evaluation of embryonic development of bursa fabricius in chicks(2020) Çolakoğlu, Fatma; Selçuk, Muhammet LütfiBursa Fabricius (BF), the primary lymphoid organ of poultry, is responsible for humoral immunity. In poultry, it is very important for BF to complete its embryonic development and reach to a certain maturity in terms of maintaining a healthy life of the animal. In this study, BF development and its morphometric measurements were investigated in chick embryos. BF was taken from 24 Babcock white Leghorn chick embryos on the 10th, 13th, 16th and 21st days of incubation. The average BF weight was 0.006±0.001 g on the 10th day, while this value was 0.037±0.007 g on the 21st day. Average cranio-caudal diameter was different according to the determined incubation days, statistically. While this value was 2.39±0.10 mm on the 10th day, it was 7.55±0.66 mm on the 21st day. The average latero-lateral diameter was ranged from 1.94±0.15 mm to 4.71±0.96 mm, while the average dorso-ventral diameter was in the range of 1.48±0.28 mm and 2.29±0.42 mm. Histologically, a central lumen and plica development were observed on the 10th day of incubation in the bursal sections. 13-day-old embryos were found to have epithelial buddings, two different epithelial structures and three layers of wall in the BF. On the 21st day, we were observed that histologic development of BF was completed. In conclusion, obtained these data concluded that BF is an important lymphoid organ in terms of maintaining a healthy life of the poultry. It is also believed that the obtained morphometric measurements can be used as reference data for further studies on this organ.Öğe Morphohistometric Evaluation of Embryonic Development of Spleen in Chicken(2020) Çolakoğlu, Fatma; Selçuk, Muhammet LütfiThe aim of this study was to evaluate the morphohistometric development of chick spleen by considering specific embryonic periods. For the study, spleens obtained from 18 Babcock White Leghorn chick embryos on the $13^{th}, 16^{th} and 21^{st}$ days of incubation were used. The sections were stained with Crossmon’s trichrome stain and Pappenheim’s panoptic stain and differential leukocyte counts were made in the blood smears. In the measurements, an increase in the spleen volume, embryo weight and vitellus sac weight were determined. There was an increase between the $13^{th}$ and $16^{th}-21^{st}$ days in spleen volume. The highest heterophil granulocytes (74.83%) and lowest lymphocyte ratio (23%) were found on the $21^{st}$ day. On the $13^{th}$ day, there were very few lymphocytes around the vessels. On the 16th day, arteria centralis were frequently encountered and periarteriolar lymphoid tissue formation with lymphocyte accumulations around them started to develop in the spleen parenchyma. The red and white pulp areas could be easily distinguished in splenic parenchyma on the $21^{st}$ day. It was concluded that the structures characterised by lymphocyte infiltrations in the spleen parenchyma were formed and caused changes in the number of lymphocytes in peripheral blood during the embryonal period.Öğe Morphometric and computed tomographic investigation of ligamentum sacrotuberale in dogs(Ataturk Universitesi, 2022) Maviş, Cüneyt Tunahan; Selçuk, Muhammet LütfiThe ligamentum sacrotuberale is an anatomical structure that is frequently used in clinical hip dislocations and perineal hernias in dogs. However, various differences have been identified in the description of its anatomical location in the literature. The aim of this study is to contribute to the literature by determining the accuracy of different information specified in the literature and determining its morphology. The study was performed on the cadavers of 7 healthy adult dogs (3 females and 4 males). Three-dimensional reconstruction of the ligamentum sacrotuberale was performed on the images obtained by computed tomography in dogs. Dogs were then dissected and morphometric measurements were made. As a result of the analyses performed, no statisti-cal difference was found when the right and left ligamentum sacrotuberale were compared (P > .05). In our study, it was determined that in all of our dissections performed on dogs, ligamentum sacrotuberale originated from the caudolateral surface of the last sacral vertebra and the cranio-lateral of the first tail vertebra and ended on the dorsal surface of the tuber ischidicum. © 2022, Author(s).Öğe Pelvis anatomy and morphometric analysis in new zealand rabbits(Ataturk Universitesi, 2024) Selçuk, Muhammet Lütfi; Turgut, NimetThis study aims to obtain three-dimensional models of the cavum pelvis in New Zealand rabbits of both genders using CT images, to measure the pelvis diameters and angles through the created digital models, and to compare female and male New Zealand Rabbits in terms of sexual dimorphism. A total of 20 New Zealand rabbits, 10 females and 10 males, were used in this study. Computed tomography (CT) images of the animals were taken, the images were reconstructed with the MIMICS 20.1 program, and a three-dimensional model of the pelvic cavity was obtained from the two-dimensional images. Morphometric data were obtained by making diameter and angle measurements on the resulting 3D model. Then, the rabbits were dissected and the os coxae was exposed and the anatomical formations were named. When pelvimetry measurements in female and male rabbits were compared, it was seen that all values except pelvic tilt were higher in females. The data reveal that there is no significant difference in the volume and surface area of the right and left os coxae between male and female rabbits (P > .05). In this study comparing the morphometric differences of the pelvis in female and male New Zealand rabbits, volume and surface area data were shared for the first time. The collected data could be used for sex discrimination in rabbits, assist physicians in diagnosing patients, serve as a reference for clinical practices, and form the basis for new research. © 2024, Ataturk Universitesi. All rights reserved.Öğe Stereological and histomorphological assessment of New Zealand rabbit kidneys(Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2020) Selçuk, Muhammet Lütfi; Çolakoğlu, Fatma; Tipırdamaz, SaadettinThe objectives of this study were to determine renal volume, volume ratios in New Zealand rabbits by stereological methods, reveal the histomorphological properties of tubulus proximalis, tubulus distalis, collecting tubule, Henle’s loop and number of glomerulus. Besides, it is to investigate the possible differences between the functional subcomponents of the right and left kidneys and the effects of gender discrimination on them. The study was carried out on 9 males and 9 females healthy New Zealand rabbits’ kidneys. After weighing kidneys, diameters and lengths were measured with a digital caliper. Total kidney volume and volume fractions of subcomponents of left and right kidneys were estimated by Cavalieri’s method. The histological section was taken from the sampled kidneys and kidney structures in the unit area were counted. After all values of each component were expressed as ratios with in kidney, they were analyzed statistically to reveal differences between sexes. There was no statistical difference between the renal densities. The right dorsoventral and mediolateral diameters of the females and males were found to be greater than the left (P<0.05). No statistical difference was found in volume measurements with Archimedes’ principle and Cavalieri’s method (P>0.05). It was determined that the number of left collecting tubules in female rabbits was higher than males and it was statistically significant (P<0.05). Obtained data by making sexual dimorphism will contribute to the existing anatomical knowledge accumulation.Öğe Stereological and morphometric analysis of spleen on new zealand white rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus)(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2022) Selçuk, Muhammet LütfiThe aim of this research was to examine the total volume and diameter of the spleen, white pulp and red pulp volume fractions, capsule thickness, germinal core surface area and diameter and investigate morphological differences between female and male White New Zealand rabbits. 9 male and 9 female rabbit spleens were used. Spleens were individually weighed and the length, thickness and width of spleen were measured using a digital caliper. The fixed samples after the routine histological procedure, serial sections of 10 μm thickness were taken and stained with hematoxylin eosin. All specimens were examined under the light microscope and photographed. Cavalieri’s method was used in area and volume calculations. According to results, there was no statistical difference between spleen volumes, spleen density, red pulp and white pulp volumes of female and male rabbits. It was determined that length and width of spleen in female rabbit spleens were greater than male but there was no difference between the thickness and weights of spleen. Germinal center diameter was found to be greater in female rabbits, while no difference was found in capsule thickness and germinal center areas. These morphometric data would significantly help the physician in the diagnosis and treatment of spleen diseases.
