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Öğe Paradoxes of nostalgia: cold war triumphalism and global disorder since 1989(SETA Foundation, 2023) Güzelipek, Yiğit Anıl; Ayata, AliParadoxes of Nostalgia: Cold War Triumphalism and Global Disorder since 1989Öğe The sources of Russian foreign policy assertiveness(SETA Foundation, 2023) Güzelipek, Yiğit Anıl; Ayata, AliThe polarity changes in the international system in the early 1990s due to the end of the Cold War was not limited to a U.S.centered geopolitical transformation. It also brought with it an extremely determined ideological excitement. The life of this paradigm, which gained an 'iconic' place in the IR literature with Fukuyama's "The End of History" thesis, was shorter than expected. Although the challenge against neo-liberal and capitalist values is identified with the 9/11 attacks in the case of fundamentalism, the real dynamic that causes 'history to continue' is independent of the phenomena of terrorism and violence. 'Nostalgia,' which revived as a reflective phenomenon in the foreign political minds of actors with an imperial past, such as Turkiye, Russia, and Hungary, should be considered the most concrete challenge to U.S.-centrism in the present day. More clearly, romantic nationalism in actors with an imperial past in the historical process represents a highly reflective identity that is likely to be triggered in the future. This situation often manifests itself as a strong emphasis on the 'past' in the foreign policy discourses and practices of the mentioned actors. These discourses, which are extremely motivating for the public, turn into a perfect harmony between the public's expectations and foreign policy discourses after a certain period of time. These discourses, which generally target the hegemony of the dominant power in the international system, are actually evaluated in a revisionist context towards the status quo.Öğe Azeris and Muslim Ajarians in Georgia: The swing between tolerance and alienation(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Kahraman, AlterThis article focuses on two Muslim groups, Azeris and Muslim Ajarians, who are differently perceived and treated in post-Soviet Georgia. Georgian ethno-religious nationalism bases Georgianness on an ethnic affiliation to Kartvelian roots and religious adherence to Georgian Orthodoxy, and determines one's level of inclusion in the nation accordingly; those who do not fulfill these criteria, such as Azeris, are excluded from the nation. Muslim Ajarians, despite being Georgians, also face exclusion from Georgian identity. Based on the concept of ethnodoxy, which is defined as linking of a group's ethnic identity to its dominant religion, this article argues that Muslim Ajarians, who are Georgian Muslims, an unaccepted category in Georgia, receive differential treatment by their Christian fellows, whereas recognition of the religion and ethnicity of Azeris is a factor that comparatively diminishes the pressure on the community. This research demonstrates that the visibility of Muslim Ajarians' religious practices in the public space and the construction of places of worship is less tolerated than in the case of Azeris, who have no means of becoming proper Georgians. The findings of fieldwork in Georgia manifested that, although minorities have various problems in Georgia, Muslim Ajarians are subjected to more differential treatment than Azeris.
