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Öğe Investigation of parametric effect in optimum retaining wall design using harmony search algorithm(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Uray, Esra; Çarbaş, Serdar; Olgun, MuratThis study focuses on the investigation of the parametric effect of the harmony search algorithm on design variables for optimum cantilever retaining wall design. Variance analyses have been performed for the detection of design parameters which are taken as discrete variables in the optimization process and percentages of the parameter effect have been calculated, as well. Optimum results obtained by the harmony search algorithm have been examined according to the parameter effect of design variables statistically determined via the Taguchi method. Eventually, the attained results have shown that changing the value of the effective design parameter in the design positively contributes to the optimization process. In addition, it has been observed that developing a new solution for the design parameter which has little effect on the design is not significant in converging to the optimum solution.Öğe Optimum discrete design of steel planar trusses comprising earthquake load impact(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Çarbaş, Serdar; Artar, MusaIn this study, the success of teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO) and biogeography-based optimization (BBO) metaheuristic methods in optimum discrete sizing design of a steel planar truss comprising earthquake load impact has been investigated. To do this, a 46-element steel planar truss has been handled as a design example. Like many other stochastic optimization methods, the TLBO and BBO techniques imitate specific natural events. In TLBO, the processes are carried out by mimicking a class consisting of teachers and students; on the other hand, the BBO simulates the distribution of species in nature based on biodiversity. The stress and displacement constraints in American Institute of Steel Construction-Allowable Stress Design (AISC-ASD) provisions are considered as structural behavior constraints. Both algorithms select design profiles from a discrete list containing steel W-shaped sections. For obtaining the minimum weighted optimum structural design, the algorithms encoded in MATLAB are supplied with open application programming interface (OAPI) functions that enable mutual data transfer with a structural analysis software (SAP2000) to practically get the structural responses under the effect of load combinations containing earthquake load. The optimal truss designs yielded with TLBO and BBO algorithms are compared with those already existed in the literature. Accordingly, it has been concluded that the TLBO and BBO algorithms give successful solutions.Öğe Usability of hemp fiber in dense graded hot mix asphalt mixture(Univ Zagreb, Fac Civıi Engineering, 2018) Karahançer, Şebnem; Erişkin, Ekinhan; Armağan, Kemal; Morova, Nihat; Saltan, Mehmet; Terzi, SerdalThe usage of fibers as an additive to reinforce the paving material have a long history like decades in the World. In stone matrix, open graded or porous mixtures, these fibers were commonly used to increase the adhesion between aggregate and binder and this property was usable in asphalt mixture for preventing the drain down of binder. Also, fibers were used for improving crack resistance and increasing stability in dense graded asphalt mixtures too. As, the aphalt is generally acknowledged as a strong material for compression loads and weak for tension loads. In theory, fibers that have high tensile strength can reduce the stresses relatively to weak asphalt mixtures by transferring the stresses for increasing the tensile strength of the mixture. For investigating the efficiency of the fibers there have been many types and forms of fibers used either experimentally or routinely in asphalt mixtures. These investigations leaded researchers to the plant-based fibers like woody (such as jute, flax, straw, and hemp), leaves and seeds. For this aim the usability of hemp fiber examined in this study. For examining the test results, specimens were prepared in four different proportions including reference specimens. Volumetric mix design was used to determine the optimum bitumen content. Then Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength Test was applied to HMA specimens.Öğe The investigation of polyamide fiber as an additive in hma(Univ Zagreb, Fac Civıi Engineering, 2018) Erişkin, Ekinhan; Armağan, Kemal; Karahançer, Şebnem; Sivri, Çağlar; Saltan, Mehmet; Terzi, SerdalThe number of heavy vehicles on traffic and traffic volume are extremely increasing nowadays. Consequently, maintenance costs are increasing too. So, durability becomes necessary in asphalt pavement design and construction. For this purpose, asphalt industry partners are investigating innovative technologies and additives for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Pavements. In this study, the utility of Polyamide 6.6, which is a synthetically produced flexible and highly thermoplastic material that have good mechanical and physical properties in terms within the nylon species, was investigated in HMA as a fiber. For examining the test results, specimens were prepared in four different proportions including reference specimens. Volumetric mix design was used to determine the optimum bitumen content. Then Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) Test was applied to HMA specimens. The aim of this research was to identify the usability of Polyamide 6.6 in HMA mixtures as a fiber, and the engineering properties of the specimens with Polyamide 6.6 fiber.Öğe Utilization of harmony search algorithm in optimal structural design of cold-formed steel structures(Springer Verlag, 2017) Çarbaş, Serdar; Aydoğdu İ.The most important concern for structural design engineers is, nowadays, how to design and build a structure which is really sustainable. The course to design and construct of buildings has to be urgently changed if the overall carbon dioxide emission would like to be reduced. Otherwise, the increase in global warming arising out of building construction will continue in a great majority. The application of cold-formed steel skeleton frames increasingly in building trade makes possible sustainable structures. In this study a harmony search algorithm (HSA) and an improved version, called as adaptive harmony search (AHSA) algorithm to obtain optimum design of cold-formed steel frames. These algorithms choose the cold-formed thin-walled C-sections treated as design variables from a list in AISI-LRFD (American Iron and Steel Institution, Load and Resistance Factor Design). This selection minimize the weight of the cold-formed steel frame while the design constraints specified by the code are satisfied. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017.Öğe Comparative study on recent metaheuristic algorithms in design optimization of cold-formed steel structures(Springer Netherland, 2015) Saka, Mehmet Polat; Çarbaş, Serdar; Aydoğdu, I.; Akın, Alper; Geem, Z.W.Sustainable construction aims at reducing the environmental impact of buildings on human health and natural environment by efficiently using energy, resources and reducing waste and pollution. Building construction has the capacity to make a major contribution to a more sustainable future of our World because this industry is one of the largest contributors to global warming. The use of coldformed steel framing in construction industry provides sustainable construction which requires less material to carry the same load compare to other materials and reduces amount of waste mimum design algorithms are developed for cold-formed steel frames made of thin-walled sections using the recent metaheuristic techniques. The algorithms considered are firefly, cuckoo search, artificial bee colony with levy flight, biogeography-based optimization and teaching-learning-based optimization algorithms. The design algorithms select the cold-formed thin-walled C-sections listed in AISI-LRFD (American Iron and Steel Institution, Load and Resistance Factor Design) in such a way that the design constraints specified by the code are satisfied and the weight of the steel frame is the minimum. A real size cold-formed steel building is optimized by using each of these algorithms and their performance in attaining the optimum designs is compared.
