Botanical characteristics, nutritional value, and economic ımportance of the Brassica genus

Brassica species are utilized for various purposes, including human and animal nutrition, oil and spice production, by employing different plant tissues. These plants play a crucial role as oilseed crops globally, contributing significantly to vegetable oil production. Brassica species are also rich in vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals, offering numerous health benefits. Additionally, they are used in the biofuel and petrochemical industries. The self-incompatibility of many Brassica species necessitates cross-pollination, which enhances genetic diversity and benefits breeding programs. This review comprehensively examines the botanical characteristics, nutritional value, and economic importance of the Brassica genus. The information presented in this study holds significant importance for advancing more efficient agricultural practices, promoting healthy nutrition, guiding sustainability efforts, and introducing innovative approaches to breeding programs.